![]() #Ntlm hash calculator passwordThis only works if the user has a weak password that can be guessed. Once a client tries to authenticate to my machine, and I capture the encrypted nonce, and I can use hashcat or john to brute force guess passwords and see if any can encrypt the nonce to match the already encrypted version. There are two kinds of attacks to perform against Net-NTLMv2, depending on the scenario and where you sit as an attacker. #Ntlm hash calculator windowsWithin that protocol, it does make use of the Windows NT and/or LM hashes to encrypt the response, and that response is sometimes even referred to as an NTLMv2 hash (though I’d try to avoid that to be tight in your language). This is completely different from the term NTLMv2, which is really short for Net-NTLMv2, which refers to the authentication protocol. Unforatunately for the sake of this conversation, the NTHash is often referred to as the NTLM hash (or just NTLM). Windows stores hashes locally as LM-hash and/or NThash. Additionally, many older systems and devices (like printers) don’t support Kerberos and rely on NTLMv2. ![]() Because Kerberos relies on Service Principle Names, in the default settings, anytime an IP address is used to reference the server (ie \\10.10.10.10 instead of \\file-server), Kerberos won’t work, and authentication will fall back to NTLMv2. However, it is still very difficult to disable NTLMv2 entirely on a network. Kerberos offers many advantages over NTLMv2 (though it is by no means perfect). Most of the network authentication traffic you’ll see today is over Kerberos as opposed to NTLMv2. #Ntlm hash calculator OfflineThe risk, however, is that anyone with access to the nonce and the encrypted nonce and perform an offline cracking attack, guessing passwords and checking if it decrpyts correctly. NTLMv2 allows a client to authenticate with the server without sending its password in plaintext. ![]() I won’t go into much more depth about how the encryption works, other than to say that the thing used to do the encryption is the user’s password / hash. In a domain environment, the only different is that the server would forward the username, nonce, and encrypted nonce to a domain controller, where the DC could use the users hash to encrypt the nonce and see if it matches the one from the user.
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